The unique appeal of the Brazilian .45 M1917: A collector's guide
The Brazilian .45 M1917 revolver represents a fascinating intersection of military history, international contracts, and collectible firearms. Originally designed as a sidearm for the United States Army during World War I, the M1917 revolver has gained a unique place in the hearts of collectors, particularly those interested in foreign military contracts. This article delves into the production history, distinctive features, and preservation considerations of the Brazilian .45 M1917, while offering insights into what makes these revolvers compelling additions to any collection.
Historical context
The M1917 revolver was developed to supplement the M1911 semi-automatic pistol during World War I due to production shortages. Designed by Colt and adopted by the U.S. Army in 1917, it was chambered for the .45 ACP cartridge and utilized a six-shot cylinder. The revolver was manufactured in large numbers by both Colt and Smith & Wesson, with approximately 150,000 units produced.
As the war came to an end, surplus M1917s became available, and various countries began to purchase them for their own military forces. Brazil was one of the nations that acquired these revolvers, recognizing their utility and reliability. Between 1930 and 1939, Brazil purchased approximately 60,000 M1917 revolvers from the United States. These were used primarily by the Brazilian Army and police forces, further entrenching the firearm's legacy within Brazilian military history.
The Brazilian M1917 revolvers were often marked with distinct Brazilian government acceptance stamps, adding to their uniqueness and appeal among collectors. This early adoption by Brazil not only demonstrates the international impact of American firearm designs but also highlights how a single model can transcend its original purpose and develop a rich narrative over time.
Variants and markings
While many collectors may be familiar with the standard Colt and Smith & Wesson M1917 revolvers, the Brazilian variants present some interesting distinctions. Here are a few notable versions:
Colt M1917
The Colt M1917 is characterized by its distinctive markings and finish. Typically featuring a blued finish, these revolvers bear the Colt logo on the left side of the frame and a "U.S. Property" marking. The serial numbers for Colt M1917s range from approximately 1 to 150,000. Collectors often appreciate this model for its historical significance as one of the first mass-produced .45 ACP revolvers in American history.
Smith & Wesson M1917
Smith & Wesson produced their own version of the M1917 revolver, which shares much of the same design but includes slight variations in markings and construction. These revolvers typically feature the Smith & Wesson logo on the right side of the frame and carry a similar "U.S. Property" marking. The serial numbers for Smith & Wesson M1917s fall within a similar range, making it essential for collectors to understand how to differentiate between the two manufacturers.
Brazilian Contract Variants
The most intriguing aspect for collectors lies in the Brazilian contract variants of the M1917 revolver. These models often feature unique acceptance marks from the Brazilian government, which can include various stamps indicating inspection or acceptance. These markings can significantly enhance a revolver's value and desirability among collectors. One common marking found on Brazilian M1917s is the "D" or "E" stamp, which indicates acceptance by specific military authorities. Additionally, many Brazilian models were subjected to refurbishment processes that included re-bluing or replacement grips. Understanding these variations is crucial when assessing condition and originality.
Grading terms and condition assessment
When evaluating Brazilian .45 M1917 revolvers, collectors should familiarize themselves with grading terms that convey the condition of each firearm. Common grading terms include:
Mint: An example that shows no signs of wear or handling; often appears as new.
Excellent: Minor wear visible but overall retains a high percentage of original finish.
Very Good: Noticeable wear or handling marks; mechanically sound with good aesthetics.
Good: Significant wear with some loss of finish; may have minor mechanical issues but is still functional.
Fair: Heavy wear or damage; may require repairs to be fully functional.
Condition plays a critical role in determining value. An all-original revolver in excellent condition will command a higher price than one that has been refinished or modified. Collectors should pay close attention to matching serial numbers on components like cylinders and frames, as mismatched parts can detract from originality.
Common pitfalls in condition assessment
When assessing Brazilian .45 M1917 revolvers, collectors should be aware of several common mistakes:
Over-cleaning: Many collectors mistakenly believe that cleaning a firearm enhances its value. However, aggressive cleaning can remove patina and original finishes that contribute to historical significance.
Misreading markings: Some markings may be difficult to interpret without a reference guide. Misidentifying or overlooking key stamps can lead to incorrect assessments of authenticity.
Ignoring documentation: Collectors should strive to obtain any available documentation related to a firearm's provenance. This includes original purchase receipts or military records.
Assuming all refurbishments are equal: Not all refurbishments are created equal; understanding which markings indicate legitimate military rebuilds versus later owner modifications is essential for accurate grading.
Preservation considerations
Proper storage and care are vital for maintaining the integrity of Brazilian .45 M1917 revolvers. Here are some essential guidelines:
Humidity control: Store firearms in a climate-controlled environment where humidity levels are consistently maintained between 30% and 50%. Excess moisture can lead to rust formation on metal components.
Temperature stability: Aim for a stable temperature between 65°F and 75°F (18°C - 24°C). Sources
Rapid fluctuations can cause materials to expand and contract, potentially leading to damage.
Handling practices: When handling these firearms, always wear gloves to prevent oils from your skin from transferring onto the surface. Handle by the grips rather than touching metal components whenever possible.
Long-term risks: Avoid storing firearms in direct sunlight or near heat sources that could degrade finishes or wood stocks over time.
Preservation checklist
To help maintain your Brazilian .45 M1917 revolver in optimal condition, consider this preservation checklist:
Store in a climate-controlled environment with proper humidity levels.
Use protective cases or sleeves to minimize exposure to dust and scratches.
Regularly inspect for signs of rust or corrosion; treat promptly if found.
Maintain wooden grips by applying appropriate oils sparingly to prevent drying out.
Document any modifications or repairs made throughout ownership for future reference.
Comparison of models and variants
Understanding the differences between models is crucial for any collector looking to acquire a Brazilian .45 M1917. Below is a comparison of key features among the main variants:
| Feature | Colt M1917 | Smith & Wesson M1917 | Brazilian Contract Variant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Colt | Smith & Wesson | Various (Brazilian military) |
| Finish | Blued | Blued | Varies (often refurbished) |
| Serial Number Range | 1 - 150,000 | Varies (similar range) | Unique acceptance markings |
| Markings | "U.S. Property" | "U.S. Property" | Brazilian government stamps |
| Condition Variability | High (often found in excellent condition) | Moderate (refurbished examples) | Varies (documented refurbishments) |
This comparison highlights important distinctions between each variant that collectors should be aware of when evaluating potential purchases.
Collector’s Notes
When considering adding a Brazilian .45 M1917 revolver to your collection, keep these key points in mind:
Verify markings: Take time to research specific acceptance marks associated with Brazilian contracts; these can greatly affect value.
Assess condition carefully: Look beyond surface wear; ensure internal mechanics are functional and original parts are intact.
Documentation matters: Whenever possible, obtain provenance documentation to enhance your firearm's historical significance.
Conclusion
The Brazilian .45 M1917 revolver encapsulates a unique chapter in firearms history through its connection to both American design and international military contracts. By understanding its production background, distinctive features, and preservation needs, collectors can appreciate not only its aesthetic qualities but also its historical significance.
As you explore opportunities to acquire a Brazilian M1917, remain vigilant about authenticity, documentation, and condition assessments. Each revolver tells its own story—a narrative shaped by its past use and subsequent journey into private collections. By recognizing these elements, you will truly appreciate what makes this firearm an enduring piece of history worthy of preservation.
In your pursuit of collecting the Brazilian .45 M1917 revolver, remember that thoughtful documentation and careful maintenance will ensure its legacy continues for future generations of enthusiasts.